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Lefu la coronavirus (COVID-19) ke lefu le tšoaetsanoang le bakoang ke li-coronaviruses, lelapa la livaerase tse bakang lefu le matla la ho hema (SARS). Ka bobeli COVID-19 le SARS li bakoa ke mofuta oa li-coronavirus tse bakileng SARS, e tsejoang ka hore ke SARS-CoV ka 2003 mme ha joale e baka lefu la coronavirus, le tsejoang e le SARS-CoV-2.
Ka la 11 Hlakola 2020, Komiti ea Machabeng ea Lekhetho la livaerase (ICTV) e ile ea reha noona ea coronavirus - SARS-CoV-2 (lefu le matla la ho hema coronavirus 2) Lebitso lena le fanoe hobane vaerase e amana le liphatsa tsa lefutso tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho qhoma ha SARS ka 2003.
Sehloohong sena, re tla hlalosa ho tšoana le phapang lipakeng tsa COVID-19 le SARS.
Coronavirus ke eng?
Li-Coronaviruses ke lelapa la livaerase tse nang le likhakanyo tse kang tsa spike holimo tse shebahalang joalo ka meqhaka. Corona e bolela 'moqhaka' ka Selatine mme ke ka tsela eo vaerase ena e reheletsoeng ka eona.
COVID-19 ke lefu la boraro le tsebahalang la zoonotic coronavirus kamora lefu le matla la ho hema (SARS) le lefu la ho hema la Middle East (MERS) [1] .
Mofuta o mocha oa coronavirus o ka hlaha ha phoofolo ea coronavirus e hlahisa bokhoni ba ho fetisetsa lefu ho batho mme sena se bitsoa phetisetso ea zoonotic.
Phuputso e bontšitse hore SARS-CoV-2 e ne e le vaerase ea chimeric lipakeng tsa bat coronavirus le coronavirus e sa tsejoeng. Bafuputsi ba fumane hore ketane ea phetisetso e qalile ho tloha ho bo-'mankhane ho ea ho batho [1] .
Matšoao a lefu la Coronavirus
Matšoao ke feberu, ho khohlela, ho hema ka thata, mokhathala, ho tsoa nko, hlooho, bohloko ba 'mele,' metso, letshollo le ho nyekeloa.
Phetisetso ea Mafu a Coronavirus
Batho ba ka fumana COVID-19 ho tsoa ho motho e mong ea tšoaelitsoeng ea nang le vaerase. Lefu lena le hasana habonolo ho tloha ho motho e mong ho ea ho le leng ka marotholi a manyane a metsi a tsoang nkong kapa molomong ha motho ea nang le tšoaetso a khohlela kapa a ethimola.
Sekhahla sa vaerase se bonahala e le se phahameng ka ho fetisisa mmetsong le linkong tsa batho ba nang le COVID-19 [pedi] .
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) ke Eng?
Lefu le matla la ho hema (SARS) ke coronavirus e bakileng ho qhoma ha SARS ka 2002-2003. Kokoana-hloko ea SARS e fetile ho tloha ho bo-'mankhane ho ea ho liphoofolo tse bohareng, pele e fetela ho batho [3] .
Matšoao a SARS
SARS e baka matshwao a kang phefumoloho e kgutshwane, feberu, sefuba, malaise, bohloko ba mmele, hlooho e opang, ho hatsela le letshollo.
Phetiso ea SARS
Phetiso ea SARS e etsahala haholo-holo ho tloha ho motho ho ea ho motho eo a kopaneng le eena. SARS-CoV e hasana ka marotholi a phefumoloho ha motho ea nang le tšoaetso a khohlela kapa a ethimola.
Lintho tsa Limolek'hule tsa COVID-19 Le SARS-CoV
Phuputso e fumane leseli le felletseng la lefutso (genome) la SARS-CoV-2 le bonts'itseng hore le amana haufi-ufi le li-coronavirus tsa SARS tse kang li-coronaviruses, bat-SL-CoVZC45 le bat-SL-CoVZXC21, empa e ne e le hole haholo le SARS-CoV (liperesente tse ka bang 79) le MERS-CoV (liperesente tse ka bang 50) [4] .
Ho Qobella Seamoheli sa COVID-19 Le SARS-CoV
Sebaka sa marang-rang se tlamang se boetse se bapisoa le SARS-CoV-2 le SARS-CoV. Ha vaerase e kena ka seleng ea 'mele oa motho, e hloka ho sebelisana le liprotheine tse kaholimo ho sele (li-receptor) mme vaerase e etsa sena ka liprotheine tse kaholimo ho eona.
Coronavirus e kena liseleng tse amohelang tse kenelletsoeng ke transmembrane spike (S) glycoprotein e etsang li-homotrimers tse tsoang ka holim'a vaerase. Glycoprotein ena e ikarabella bakeng sa ho tlama mokelikeli oa sele e amohelang.
Phuputso e bonts'itse hore SARS-CoV-2 le SARS-CoV li tlama mokelikeli oa sele e nang le matla a ts'oanang mme matla a teng a phahame haholo ho SARS-CoV-2. Ke lona lebaka le etsang hore SARS-CoV-2 e bonahale e phatlalla habonolo ho feta SARS-CoV [5] .
Ho phethela ...
COVID-19 le SARS ka bobeli li bakoa ke li-coronavirus tse qalileng ho bo-'mankhane pele li fetisetsoa ho batho ke moamoheli ea mahareng. Ho na le liphapang le ho tšoana lipakeng tsa COVID-19 le SARS.
