TLHASELO EA PELO: LISOSA, MATŠOAO, LISOSA TSA KOTSI, PHEKOLO LE THIBELO - PAMPEREDPEOPLENY.COM

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Se ke oa Lahleha

Lapeng Bophelo bo botle Pheko ea mathata Mathata a phekola oi-Amritha K Ka Amritha K. ka la 27 Pherekhong 2020

Lefu la pelo le hlaha ha phallo ea mali e ea pelong e koetsoe. Ka mantsoe a mang, e ka hlalosoa e le lefu la mesifa ea pelo ka lebaka la khaello ea phepelo ea mali mme hangata sena se etsahala ha mali a koala methapo e fanang ka mesifa ea pelo.

Thibelo e bakoa ke mafura a mangata, k'holeseterole le lintho tse ling tse hlahisang letlapa methapong 'me ka hona li thibela phallo ea mali ka ho kheloha ho etsa makhopo. E boetse e bitsoa infarction ea myocardial, litlhaselo tsa pelo ke maemo a tšohanyetso a bongaka a hlokang tlhokomelo ea bongaka hanghang ^[1] .

Le leng la mafu a pelo le methapo le atileng haholo, banna ba lilemo li 45 kapa ho feta le basali ba lilemo li 55 kapa ho feta ba kotsing ea ho hlaseloa ke pelo ho feta banna le basali ba bacha lilemong.

Lisosa tsa lefu la pelo

Maemo a pelo a baka lefu la pelo. Boholo ba tlhaselo ea pelo bo bakoa ke lefu la pelo, boemo bo koalang methapo ea mali e nang le lipoleiti tse mafura. Ho bokellana ha lintho tse fapaneng ho ka fokotsa methapo ea mali mme ea baka ho ba le lefu la methapo ea pelo, e leng sesosa se ka sehloohong sa lefu la pelo ^[pedi] .

Litlhaselo tsa pelo le tsona li ka bakoa ke methapo ea mali e tabohileng 'me maemong a sa tloaelehang haholo, e etsahetse ka lebaka la spasm ea methapo ea mali ^[3] .

Matšoao a lefu la pelo

Matšoao a atileng haholo a infarction ea 'myocardial' ke a latelang ^[4] :

Khatello le ho tiisa sefubeng kapa matsohong a hao a ka namelang molaleng oa hau

Ho nyekeloa

Mofufutso o batang

Ho tsekela ka tšohanyetso

Leha ho le joalo, hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore matšoao a boemo bona ha a tšoane le motho e mong le e mong. Ka mantsoe a mang, matšoao a fapana ho ea ka motho e mong esita le ho tloha ha motho a hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo.

Ho bohlokoa hore u ithute ho utloisisa hore na ke lefu la pelo kapa bohloko ba sefuba hobane batho ba bangata ba hlokomoloha matšoao a lefu la pelo ka ho nahana hore ke bohloko ba sefuba feela ^[5] .

Ho ea ka litsebi tsa bongaka, matšoao a pele a lefu la pelo ha a lokela ho hlokomolohuoa hobane matšoao a lefu la pelo a sa tsoa hlaha liperesente tse 50 tsa batho bohle ba nang le lefu la pelo. Ho lemoha matšoao a pele ho ka thusa ho fumana kalafo kapele, ka tsela eo ho thibela tšenyo ea pelo hobane karolo ea 85 lekholong ea ts'enyo ea pelo e etsahala lihoreng tse peli tsa pele kamora ho hlaseloa ke pelo ^[6] .

Matšoao a pele a lefu la pelo

Bohloko mahetleng a hau, molala le mohlahare ^[7]
Bohloko bo bobebe kapa ho se utloise bohloko sefubeng sa hau tse ka bang teng
Ho fufuleloa
Matšoenyeho a maholo kapa pherekano
Ho nyekeloa kapa ho hlatsa
Ho nyahama
Ho hema
Hlooho e bobebe

Ho utloisisa matšoao a lefu la pelo ho bohlokoa kaha ho thusa ho fumana kalafo e nepahetseng ka nako e nepahetseng. Ka lebaka leo, matšoao a fapana ho banna le basali. Ha re shebeng phapang, ka hona e ka u thusa le baratuoa ba hau.

Matšoao a lefu la pelo ho banna

Ho ea ka litsebi tsa bongaka, ho ka etsahala hore banna ba be le tlhaselo ha ba bapisoa le basali. Ka lebaka la lithuto tse likete, bafuputsi ba ile ba khona ho utloisisa matšoao a lefu la pelo a ikhethang ho banna ^[8] .

Ho otla ha pelo ka potlako kapa ka tsela e sa tloaelehang
Mofufutso o batang
Botsoa
Phefumoloho e khutšoane, e ka u tlohelang u ikutloa eka ha u na moea o lekaneng (leha u phomotse)
Ho se utloise bohloko ka mpeng
Bohloko kapa ho se utloise bohloko 'meleng o ka holimo (matsoho, lehetla le letšehali, mokokotlo, molala, mohlahare kapa mpa)
Boikutlo bo boima sefubeng sa hau, bo tlang le bo fetang

Matšoao a lefu la pelo ho basali

Boithuto bo khonne ho bokella kutloisiso ea hore matšoao a tlhaselo ea pelo ho basali a fapane le a basali. Matšoao a boletsoe ka tlase ^[9] .

Ho hema kapa ho utloisa bohloko joalo ka khase
Mahlaba a mahetla
Bohloko bo ka morao ba mokokotlo
Bohloko ba 'metso
Phefumoloho e khutšoanyane
Ho tšoenyeha
Ho robala hampe
Hlooho e bobebe
Mokhathala o sa tloaelehang o tšoarellang matsatsi a 'maloa kapa mokhathala o sa lebelloang

Basali ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 50, kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo ea eketseha ha nako ena e ntse e fetoha ha 'mele oa basali o fetoha ka nako ea ho ilela khoeli. Lebaka ke hobane hormone estrogen e thusang ho sireletsa pelo ea hau nakong ea ho ilela khoeli - ka hona e eketsa kotsi ^[10] .

A mang a matšoao a tlalehiloeng ka ho khetheha ho basali ba fetang lilemo tse 50 ke a latelang ^{[leshome le motso o mong]} :

Bohloko bo boholo sefubeng
Ho otla ha pelo ka potlako kapa ka tsela e sa tloaelehang
Ho fufuleloa
Bohloko kapa ho se utloise bohloko ka letsoho le le leng kapa ka bobeli, mokokotlo, molala, mohlahare, kapa mpa

Lisosa tsa Likotsi Bakeng sa Ho Hlaseloa ke Pelo

Lintho tse ling li eketsa kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke pelo 'me ke tse latelang ^[12] :

Lilemo
Botenya
Koae
K'holeseterole e phahameng ea mali kapa maemo a triglyceride
Khatello ea mali e phahameng
Lefu la tsoekere
Khatello ea maikutlo
Tšebeliso e seng molaong ea lithethefatsi
Ho hloka boikoetliso
Matšoao a metabolism
Nalane ea lelapa ea lefu la pelo
Boemo bo ikemetseng
Nalane ea preeclampsia

Mathata a lefu la pelo

Lefu la pelo le ka baka lipelo tse sa tloaelehang (arrhythmias), ho hloleha ha pelo (tlhaselo e ka senya lisele tsa pelo tseo mesifa ea pelo e setseng e sitang ho sebetsa) le ho ts'oaroa ha pelo ka tšohanyetso ^[13] .

Ho lemoha lefu la pelo

Ngaka e tla etsa tlhahlobo ea 'mele le ho lekola nalane ea bongaka. Ho tla etsoa electrocardiogram (ECG) ho lekola tšebetso ea motlakase oa pelo ea hau.

Ntle le tsena, ho tla fumanoa lisampole tsa mali ho etsa liteko ho lekola tšenyo ea mesifa.

Tse ling tsa liteko tsa tlhatlhobo tse amehang ke tse latelang ^[14] :

Echocardiogram
X-ray sefubeng
Catheterisation ea Coronary (angiogram)
Koetlisa khatello ea maikutlo
CT ea pelo kapa MRI

Kalafo Bakeng sa Litlhaselo Tsa Pelo

Ho latela lebaka le boemo, ngaka e tla khothaletsa liteko tse fapaneng.

Ntho ea pele le ea mantlha e etsoang e tla ba catheterisation ea pelo moo sesebelisoa se tla kenngoa methapong ea mali, e leng se tla thusa ngaka ho utloisisa lejoe le hahiloeng ^{[leshome le metso e mehlano]} .

Ha ho na le lefu la pelo, ngaka e tla khothaletsa lits'ebetso tse thusang ho kokobetsa bohloko le ho thibela ho qala ha tlhaselo e 'ngoe ea pelo.

Mekhoa ena e kenyelletsa angioplasty, stent, opereishene ea pelo e fetang, ts'ebetso ea 'valve' ea pelo, pacemaker le ho kenya pelo ^[16] .

Meriana e laetsoeng ho phekola litlhaselo tsa pelo e kenyelletsa aspirin, antiplatelet le li-anticoagulants (li-thinner tsa mali), lithethefatsi ho tlosa maqeba, lipilisi, li-thrombolytics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, statins, nitroglycerin le meriana ea khatello ea mali ^[17] .

Ho Khutsa ha Pelo

Ho tšoana le lefu la pelo le tloaelehileng, lefu la pelo le khutsitseng le hlaha ntle le matšoao a tloaelehileng. Hangata hona ho etsa hore motho a se ke a hlokomela hore o na le tlhaselo.

Ho latela liphuputso, liperesente tsa 45 tsa batho ba India ba ba le tlhaselo ea pelo selemo se seng le se seng ba sa tsebe. Ho thoba pelo le hona ho baka tšenyo pelong ea hau mme ho phahamisa kotsi ea ho hlaseloa ke pelo ^[18] .

Batho ba nang le lefu la tsoekere le ba nang le lefu la pelo ba kile ba hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo.

Matšoao a ka supang lefu la pelo le khutsitseng ke a latelang ^[19] :

Ho hlaka hoa letlalo
Bohloko ba mpeng
Ho heletsa
Phoso ea boroko
Mokhathala o eketsehileng
Ho se utloise bohloko ho bobebe sefubeng, mohlahare kapa matsoho a tsamaeang le ho phomola

Thibelo ea Tlhaselo ea Pelo

Ho amohela le ho etsa liphetoho bophelong ba hau ba letsatsi le letsatsi le litloaelong ho ka thusa ho sebetsana le boemo bona ^{[mashome a mabeli]} .

Qoba ho tsuba
Ho ikoetlisa khafetsa
Boloka boima ba 'mele bo phetseng hantle
Ja pelo e phetseng hantle lijo
Laola lefu la tsoekere
Laola khatello ea maikutlo
Fokotsa tšebeliso ea joala
Laola k’holeseterole ea hao le maemo a khatello ea mali
Fumana tlhahlobo ea lingaka khafetsa

Tlhokomelo

Qoba ho noa lipilisi tsa thibelo ea bokhachane haeba u kile ua ba le tlhaselo ea pelo, hobane li ka eketsa tšebetso e thibang mali 'meleng oa hau ^{[mashome a mabeli a motso o le mong]} .

Sheba Litšupiso tsa Sengoloa

[1]Schilling, R. (2016). Qoba Tlhaselo eo ea Pelo.
[pedi]Bayrak, D., & Tosun, N. (2018). Boikemisetso ba mesebetsi ea booki bakeng sa thibelo ea lefu la pelo le stroke ho bakuli ba khatello ea mali. Koranta ea Machabeng ea Saense e Tsotellang, 11 (2), 1073.
[3]Huang, C. C., & Liao, P. C. (2016). Tlhaselo ea Pelo e baka Hlooho-Ache-Pelo ea Cephalalgia. Acta Cardiologica Sinica, 32 (2), 239.
[4]Chau, P.H, Moe, G., Lee, S. Y., Woo, J., Leung, A. Y., Chow, C. M., ... & Zerwic, J. (2018). Boemo bo tlase ba tsebo ea matšoao a lefu la pelo le boits'oaro bo sa lebelloang ba ho batla kalafo har'a ma-China a khale: phuputso e entsoeng ka likarolo tse fapaneng. Bophelo ba Sechaba sa J Epidemiol, 72 (7), 645-652.
[5]Bayrak, D., & Tosun, N. (2018). Boikemisetso ba mesebetsi ea booki bakeng sa thibelo ea lefu la pelo le stroke ho bakuli ba khatello ea mali. Koranta ea Machabeng ea Saense e Tsotellang, 11 (2), 1073.
[6]Kitakata, H., Kohno, T., Kohsaka, S., Fujino, J., Nakano, N., Fukuoka, R., ... & Fukuda, K. (2018). Ho itšepa ha mokuli mabapi le phetoho ea bophelo ba bobeli le tsebo ea matšoao a lefu la pelo kamora ho nchafatsoa hape ka tsela e 'ngoe Japane: phuputso e nang le likarolo tse fapaneng. BMJ e bulehile, 8 (3), e019119.
[7]Narcisse, M. R., Rowland, B., Nako e telele, C. R., Felix, H., & McElfish, P. A. (2019). Ho Hlaseloa ke Pelo le Matšoao a Stroke Tsebo ea Maindia a Hawaii le Lihlekehleke tsa Pacific tse United States: Liphuputso tse tsoang ho Patlisiso ea Naha ea Lipuisano tsa Bophelo. Tloaelo ea ntlafatso ea bophelo bo botle, 1524839919845669.
[8]Goff Jr, D. C., Mitchell, P., Finnegan, J., Pandey, D., Bittner, V., Feldman, H., ... & Cooper, L. (2004). Tsebo ea matšoao a lefu la pelo metseng e 20 ea Amerika. Liphello tse tsoang ho Khato e Potlakileng ea Khato ea Tšoaro ea Sechaba ea Phekolo ea Coronary. Meriana e thibelang, 38 (1), 85-93.
[9]Arslanian-Engoren, C., Patel, A., Fang, J., Armstrong, D., Kline-Rogers, E., Duvernoy, C. S., & Eagle, K. A. (2006). Matšoao a banna le basali ba hlahisang li-coronary syndromes tse matla. Koranta ea Amerika ea lefu la pelo, 98 (9), 1177-1181.
[10]Tullmann, F.F, & Dracup, K. (2005). Tsebo ea matšoao a lefu la pelo ho banna le basali ba baholo ba kotsing ea ho hlaseloa ke lefu la pelo. Leqephe la Tlhabollo le Thibelo ea Cardiopulmonary, 25 (1), 33-39.
[leshome le motso o mong]Finnegan Jr, J. R., Meischke, H., Zapka, J. G., Leviton, L., Meshack, A., Benjamin-Garner, R., ... & Weitzman, E. R. (2000). Ho lieha ha mamello ho batla tlhokomelo ea matšoao a lefu la pelo: liphuputso tse tsoang lihlopheng tse tsepamisitsoeng tse entsoeng libakeng tse hlano tsa US. Meriana e thibelang, 31 (3), 205-213.
[12]Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., ... & Howard, V. J. (2016). Lefu la pelo le lipalo-palo tsa stroke-2016 e ntlafatsa tlaleho ho tsoa ho American Heart Association. Tsamaiso, 133 (4), e38-e48.
[13]Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., ... & Huffman, M. D. (2015). Kakaretso ea phethahatso: mafu a pelo le lipalo-palo tsa stroke-ntjhafatso ea 2015: tlaleho e tsoang ho American Heart Association. Tsamaiso, 131 (4), 434-441.
[14]Micha, R., Peñalvo, J. L., Cudhea, F., Imamura, F., Rehm, C. D., & Mozaffarian, D. (2017). Kamano lipakeng tsa lisosa tsa phepo le lefu la lefu la pelo, stroke, le mofuta oa 2 lefu la tsoekere United States. Jama, 317 (9), 912-924.
[leshome le metso e mehlano]Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., ... & Howard, V. J. (2016). Kakaretso ea phethahatso: mafu a pelo le lipalo-palo tsa stroke-ntjhafatso ea 2016: tlaleho e tsoang ho American Heart Association. Tsamaiso, 133 (4), 447-454.
[16]Feigin, V. L., Roth, G. A., Naghavi, M., Parmar, P., Krishnamurthi, R., Chugh, S., ... & Estep, K. (2016). Moroalo oa lefats'e oa lisosa tsa stroke le likotsi linaheng tse 188, nakong ea 1990-2013: tlhahlobo e hlophisehileng bakeng sa Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet Neurology, 15 (9), 913-924.
[17]Kyu, H.H, Bachman, V. F., Alexander, L.T, Mumford, J. E., Afshin, A., Estep, K., ... & Cercy, K. (2016). Ketsahalo ea 'mele le kotsi ea mofets'e oa matsoele, mofetše oa mala, lefu la tsoekere, lefu la pelo le ischemic stroke: tlhahlobo e hlophisehileng le tlhahlobo ea meta-response bakeng sa Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. bmj, 354, i3857.
[18]Strom, T. K., Fox, B., & Reaven, G. (2002). Syndrome X: ho hlola 'molai ea khutsitseng ea ka u hlaselang ke pelo. Simon le Schuster.
[19]Kannel, W. B. (1986). Silent myocardial ischemia le infarction: leseli le tsoang ho Framingham Study. Litleliniki tsa lefu la pelo, 4 (4), 583-591.
[mashome a mabeli]Naghavi, M., Falk, E., Hecht, H. S., Jamieson, M. J., Kaul, S., Berman, D., ... & Shaw, L. J. (2006). Ho tloha ho lejoe le tlokotsing ho ea ho mokuli ea tlokotsing-karolo ea III: kakaretso ea phethahatso ea Screening for Heart Attack Prevention and Education (SHAPE) Task Force report. Koranta ea Amerika ea lefu la pelo, 98 (2), 2-15.
[mashome a mabeli a motso o le mong]Kernan, W. N., Ovbiagele, B., Mnyama, H. R., Bravata, D. M., Chimowitz, M. I., Ezekowitz, M. D., ... & Johnston, S. C. (2014). Litaelo tsa thibelo ea setorouku ho bakuli ba nang le stroke le tlhaselo ea nakoana ea ischemic: tataiso bakeng sa litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle ba American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Leqeba, 45 (7), 2160-2236.